Medicare Open Enrollment vs. Initial Enrollment — What's the Difference?

Medicare Enrollment Periods Explained: Initial, Annual & Special Enrollment

Learn the difference between Medicare Initial Enrollment, Annual Election Period, Medicare Advantage Open Enrollment and Special Enrollment Periods.

One of the most confusing aspects of Medicare is that there isn't just one enrollment period. There are several. Understanding the difference can help prevent missed opportunities and unnecessary confusion.

FAQ

What is the Initial Enrollment Period?

Your Initial Enrollment Period is generally the first opportunity to enroll when you're becoming eligible for Medicare at 65. It's a 7-month period surrounding your 65th birthday month.

What is Medicare Annual Open Enrollment?

The Medicare Annual Election Period generally runs from:

October 15 through December 7

Changes made during this period generally take effect January 1 of the following year.

What can I do during Annual Enrollment?

Depending on your circumstances, you may be able to:

• Switch Medicare Advantage plans

• Move between Original Medicare and Medicare Advantage

• Join or change a Part D plan

• Drop certain coverage

What is Medicare Advantage Open Enrollment?

The Medicare Advantage Open Enrollment Period generally runs:

January 1 through March 31

It's primarily for people already enrolled in Medicare Advantage who want to switch to another Medicare Advantage plan or return to Original Medicare.

What is a Special Enrollment Period?

A Special Enrollment Period can arise because of a qualifying life event.

Examples can include:

• Moving

• Losing certain coverage

• Changes involving employer coverage

• Certain institutional situations

• Other qualifying circumstances

Medicare provides specific rules for different situations.

What if I move?

Moving can sometimes create a Special Enrollment Period, depending on where you're moving and whether your current plan serves the new location.

What's the biggest Medicare enrollment mistake?

Assuming that every Medicare enrollment period works the same way.

They don't. Your eligibility, current coverage and reason for enrolling can determine what options you have.

JRF Services Tip

Keep a Medicare calendar.

Write down:

• Your 65th birthday

• Your Initial Enrollment Period

• October 15

• December 7

• January 1

• March 31

• Any employer-coverage changes

It can make Medicare much easier to manage. Learn More.